Chess Player’s Chronicle published.

Anderssen, A. is world Chess champion; A. Anderson is world Checkers champion.

Boden introduces the Boden-Kieseritzky gambit.

Chess Studies, (208 studies) by Kling and Horwitz, published.

Hunt, Joseph born in Canada. Hunt opening.

Lowenthal becomes Secretary of the St. George Chess club.

Scheve, Theodor von born. German player.

The Immortal Game, Anderssen-Kieseritzky, played in the Divan.

01/31 Butrimov, Ivan died in St Petersburg. Published first Russian Chess book in 1821.

03/21 Brodsky, Adolf born in Taganrog, Russia. Brodsky variation.

04/14 Crane, William born in Castle Hill, Australia. Australian champion 1888, 1897.

05/07 Opening day of the First International Tournament, London.

07/09 Englisch, Berthold born in Holtzenplatz, Austria. German champion 1879. Elo: 2520.

07/15 End of First International Tournament. Began in London, organized by Staunton.

07/28 All-play-all tournament, first was London International on this day.

08/ Anderssen wins the London International. Only 1 prize, a silver cup.

08/ "The Chess Player", weekly magazine, edited by Kling & Horwitz.

12/27 Judd; Max Judd born. US Open winner in 1903. Was US consul in Vienna.

Horwitz appointed Chess professional in Kling's Coffee House.

Lichtenhein emigrates to the US; he was a Prussian officer.

Quevedo; Leonardo Quevedo born. Inventor of the first Chess playing machine.

“The Chess Tournament”, London 1851, published by Staunton.

Williams; Elijah Williams publishes book about ‘The Divan’. 150 games included.

Wittek, Alexander born. Austrian player, Architect.

Time limit of 20 minutes per move introduced in Harrwitz-Lowenthal.

11/09 Gelbfuhs, Oscar born in Sternberg, Czechoslovakia. Tie-breaking method.

12/26 Babson, Joseph born in Pigeon Cove, MA. Chess composer.

First game played using signals at sea between ships.

Evergreen game between Anderssen and Dufresne played.

Fleissig, Bernhard born in Hungary. Fleissig variation.

Vezin, Charles died. One of the best players in the country.

01/ Dufresne wins the first Berlin tournament.

Williams edited a Chess column in “The Field”.

05/18 Kieseritzky died. Committed to a mental home in Paris.

08/02 Hall, John born in Bradford, England. Hall variation.

09/ Staunton plays several players in Belgium.

First problem-solving Chess contest, held in London, won by Grimshaw.

Williams, E. died of cholera in London. Editor of the Field column.

Cleland, Robert born in New Zealand. Won the 12th New Zealand championship in 1899.

Danish gambit first analyzed in a German Chess magazine.

Fyfe, Peter born in Scotland. Fyfe gambit.

Helpmate invented by Max Lange.

Lowenthal writes a Chess column for “The Era” magazine for 13 years.

Staunton sold the Chess Player’s Chronicle to R. B. Brien.

The Max Lange attack analysed by Max Lange.

Uedemann, Louis born.

05/16 Forsyth, David born in Alness, Scotland. New Zealand champion 1901. Invented notation.

06/13 Gledhill, Walter born in Leeds, England. Gledhill attack.

07/04 Branch, William born in Hastings. Chess historian.

07/05 Turk destroyed by fire in a Chinese museum in Philadelphia.

07/21 Gattie, Walter born in London. Won first British amateur championship 1886.

11/02 Gunsberg, Isidor born in Budapest. German champion 1885. World challenger 1891. Elo: 2560.

First black American chessplayer, T. Thompson, born.

First world problem tournament, organized by Charles Stanley.

Cavallotti, Mattia born in Milan. Cavallotti countergambit.

Ancient chessmen of conventional shape discovered in India.

The Chess Association, founded in Britain by George William.

Gauss died. Chessplayer. Solved 8 Queens problem.

02/14 Grundy, James born in Manchester, England.

04/18 Rowland; Frideswide Beechey Rowland born. First woman to win a prize for Chess problems & Chess column.

Chess Player’s Chronicle ends because of financial loss.

Guest, Antony born in Staines, England. British amateur champion 1888.

01/02 Falkbeer wins London knock-out, McDonnell Chess club.

03/15 Last Chess column in the Albion, by Stanley.

03/28 First game by telegraph between clubs, Liverpool vs. Manchester.

07/06 The Immortal problem composed by Conrad Bayer.

08/11 Bachmann, Ludwig born in Kulmbach, Germany. The Chess Herodotus. Chronicler of Chess.

09/09 Hruby, Vincenz born in Krivsoudov, Czechoslovakia. Elo: 2480.

11/19 Alapin, Simon born in Vilnius. First at St. Petersburg 1878.

First demonstration board, designed by Lowenthal.

First national body in Great Britain, The Chess Association, formed.

Buckle publishes “History of Civilization”.

Edwards, Joseph born in New Zealand. New Zealand champion 1894.

Fiske edits “Chess Monthly” (1857-1860) (co-edited by Morphy).

Fiske wrote the dance tunes “Chess Polka”.

Horwitz appointed professional at the Manchester Chess Club.

Mitchell, previous owner of the Turk, writes article on how it operates.

Weis, Max born

01/ Montgomery and D. Fiske propose a National Chess Congress.

01/01 First U.S. Chess magazine, “American Chess Monthly”, published.

01/13 Szen died in Hungary. Founded Budapest Chess Club.

01/15 Fritz, Alexander born in Kirchlotheim, Germany. Elo: 2350. Fritz variation.

04/10 Dudeney, Henry born in Mayfield, England. England’s King of puzzle makers.

06/11 Narraway, James born. Canadian champion 1893, 1897, 1898.

08/11 Lowenthal wins Manchester knockout ahead of Anderssen.

10/ Paulsen played four blindfold games simultaneously in New York.

10/06 First American Chess Congress is first true tournament in the New World.

10/06 First American Chess Congress opens - New York, won by Morphy.

11/10 First American Chess congress won by Morphy (16 players).

12/ Stanley’s daughter born. Named Pauline after Paul Morphy.

Boston Chess Club founded.

Fiske edits Chess column in the New York Saturday Press (1858-1860).

Frere’s Chess Handbook published. Describes 4-handed Chess.

Houdin; Robert-Houdin write chapter in his magic book about ‘Automata’.

Morphy plays the Duke of Brunswick and a Count at the Paris Opera.

Paulsen is first US Opening theoritician; First to analyze Goring gambit.

“The Life of Philidor” published by George Allen.

06/09 Morphy sails from New York on board the S.S. Arabia.

06/21 Morphy first landed in England (Liverpool).

08/27 Lowenthal wins BCA Congress knockout, Birmingham.

First Russian magazine “Shakhmatny Listok”, published.

Vienna tournament: Hamppe first, Jenay second, Steinitz third.

Allen, George reveals how Turk operates, in Book of First American Chess Congress.

Chess Player’s Chronicle reappears by Kolisch, Zytogorski, Kling.

Fiske writes “Book of the First American Chess Congress”, New York.

Lowenthal begins Chess editor of the Illustrated News for 17 years.

Moehle; Charles Moehle born. Operated Ajeeb in the United States.

Paulsen played 15 players blindfold.

Problem published that has 47 ways to mate in one - a record.

Stanley publishes “Morphy’s Match Games”.

Stanley publishes “The Chess Player’s Instructor”.

01/04 Paul Morphy defeats Karl Anderssen in Paris.

02/03 Blake, Joseph born in Farnborough. British champion, 1922.

02/06 Cohn, Wilhelm born in Berlin. Elo: 2450. Professional player.

02/22 Baird (Winter Wood), Edith born in Brixton, England. Composed over 2,000 problems.

04/12 First day of the match Morphy vs. Anderssen, Hotel Breuteuil, Paris. Morphy won (7 wins, 2 losses, 2 draws).

04/20 Morphy played 8 blindfold simultaneous games at St George’s Chess Club, London. Won 5, drew 3.

04/26 Morphy plays 5 masters simultaneously at St James Chess Club, London.

12/ Morphy gives up serious Chess.

Hamppe wins Vienna tournament, Steinitz second.

First Chess book written by a woman, “ABC's of Chess” by Cook (BCM 1981, 402).

First helpmate by Loyd. Black moves first.

Boden’s mate, mate by 2 Bishops, played by Boden in London.

Code of rules published by Staunton in his “Chess Praxis”.

“History of Chess” published by D. Forbes. History of Oriental Chess.

Lowenthal writes “Morphy's Games of Chess” with Morphy’s assistance.

Makovetz, Gyula born. Edited Hungary’s first Chess Magazine.

Stanley edits a Chess column in the “Manchester Weekly” (1860-62).

Staunton publishes “Chess Praxis”, his 4th and final book in Bohn’s series.

02/05 Showalter born in Minerva, Kentucky. US Champion 1888,'90,'91,'95, 1906.

02/05 Showalter developed baseball’s curve ball.

06/20 Shipley born.

08/11 Blathy, Otto born in Tata, Hungary. Created longest Chess problem, 290 moves.

08/28 Kolisch wins Cambridge knock-out.

First game played by means of underwater cable, Liverpool-Dublin.

First match with timed moves (by Sandglass: 24/2), Anderssen-Kolisch.

Wilhelm Steinitz wins Vienna tournament.

MacKenzie resigns his Army commission to become Chess pro.

The Chess Association renamed to British Chess Association (BCA).

03/04 Bardeleben, Curt born in Berlin. German champion 1893, 1904. Elo: 2510.

06/01 Stanley wins Leeds knockout.

06/30 Bauer, Johann born in Prague. Strong Viennese master. Elo: 2460.

07/21 Hodges, Albert born in Nashville. Operated Ajeeb. Won US champioship 1894. Elo: 2450.

09/14 Paulsen wins Bristol knockout.

09/22 First West German Chess Congress, Dusseldorf, won by Vitzthum.

10/06 First day of the First American Chess Congress, at New York.

10/26 Telegraph match between Liverpool Chess Club and Dublin Chess Club.

First study-composing tournament, organized by Lowenthal, won by Horwitz.

British Chess Association formed.

Analysis of From’s gambit first appears in “Schachzeitung”.

Mackenzie wins a handicap tournament in London, defeating Anderssen.

03/05 Tarrasch born, Breslau. German champion: 1889, 1892, 1894. Challenger 1908.

05/29 Buckle, Henry died in Damascus of typhoid fever. Historian and leading British player. Read twelve languages. Elo: 2480.

06/01 First round robin pairings, London 1862.

06/01 First time hourglasses were used as clocks (2 hours/20 moves) - London.

06/01 Lowenthal organizes world’s second International tournament, London.

06/16 Anderssen wins London International, first round robin.

07/05 Caro, Horatio born in Newcastle, England. Published analysis of the Caro-Kann in 1886. Elo: 2470.

08/ “Chess Player's Chronicle”, Chess magazine ceases publication.

09/07 Second West German Chess Congress, Dusseldorf, won by Max Lange.

09/26 Leonard; James Leonard died in the Civil War. Strong American master.

10/16 Gottschall, Hermann born in Posen, Poland. Elo: 2400. Author and editor.

10/24 Salwe born, Warsaw. Strong Polish player. Fourth Russian champion 1906.

12/16 Hume, George born in Edinburgh, Scotland. Problemist and collector.

Allen, George writes “Life of Philidor”, Philadelphia.

Basterot writes “Traite Elementaire Du Jeu Des Echecs”, Paris.

Mackenzie arrives in America to fight on the Union side.

Popiel; Ignacy Popiel born. Analyzed the Blackmar-Diemer gambit.

01/ First issue of “The Chess Player’s Magazine”, by Falkbeer and Lowenthal.

07/04 Lipschutz born, Ungvar. US champion 1892 by defeating Showalter.

08/31 Third West German Chess Congress, Dusseldorf, won by Max Lange.

11/17 Brown, John died in Bridport, England of tuberculosis. Problemist.

11/29 Marco born in Czernowitz. Chess journalist.

Gay writes “Bibliographie Anecdotique Du Jeu Des Echecs”, Paris.

Georgetown, British Guiana Chess club founded.

“Neue Berliner Schachzeitung” (1964-67), edited by Anderssen & Neumann.

08/29 4th West German Chess Congress, Dusseldorf, won by Max Lange.

11/11 d’Orville, Pierre died in Regensburg, Germany. Problemist.

Counties’ Chess Association (CCA) founded.

Hooper builds copy of Turk, names it Ajeeb.

Kelling, F.K. born in New Zealand. Grand old man of New Zealand Chess.

Rynd wins first Irish Championship in Dublin.

Staunton publishes ‘Great Schools of England’.

Anderssen get honorary doctorate at Breslau University for his Chess.

02/27 Mieses born. Longest career of any master, 60 years (1888-1948).

First issue of “The Chess World” monthly magazine, edited by Staunton.

08/29 German Congress, Berlin, won by Neumann (34/34). First 100% score.

09/15 First Counties Chess Association, Redcar, won by Skipworth.

09/26 Wilhelm Steinitz wins in Dublin.

First match with mechanical clocks, Anderssen-Steinitz.

Mackenzie defeats G. Reichhelm for the US title (5 wins, 1 draw).

Henry, W.R. died. Pseudonym of William Russ. American archivist.

01/17 Traxler born in Czechoslovakia. Introduced Traxler variation, 1890.

02/21 Hutton, George born in Cranshaws, England. Introduced pairing for team events.

03/14 Troitzky born in St. Petersburg.

03/18 Heyde, Albert born in Braunschweig, Germany. Editor. Heyde variation.

06/20 First British Champion. London, won by de Vere. Won 28 guineas.

06/20 Steinitz wins London knockout.

06/21 Atkinson, Walter born in Hull. Introduced the Atkinson variation.

08/10 Steinitz defeats Anderssen, 8-6, to become recognized world champion.

08/11 Second Counties Chess Association, Redcar, won by De Vere.

08/30 Burille, Constant Ferdinand born in Boston. Operated Ajeeb in the United States.

First issue of “La Strategie”, French Chess magazine. Ended in 1940. Edited by Preti.

Danish gambit introduced generally by von der Lasa.

04/22 Petrov died in Warsaw. First strong Russian player.

06/04 Kolisch wins Paris tournament. Presented a vase by Napoleon.

06/12 Hamilton-Russell, Frederick born in England. President of BCF.

06/24 First time mechanical clocks used, in Paris.

09/01 First time draws count as 1/2 point - Dundee International.

09/14 Dundee International, won by Neumann, and Fraser & Steinitz.

10/ Last issue of the “Chess Player’s Monthly”, edited by Lowenthal.

10/27 Behting (Betins), Karl born in Berzmuiza, Russia. Behting variation.

Ajeeb created by Hooper & exhibited at Royal Polytechnical Institute.

Winawer wins in Warsaw.

“Transactions of The British Chess Association” published.

01/14 Bettmann, Henry born in Cincinnati. Chess problemist.

05/31 First Northern German Chess Federation, Hamburg, won by Max Lange.

06/07 Janowsi born, Woldowysk. German champion 1902. World challenger 1910.

06/24 Murray born, Camberwell. Author of “History of Chess”. (BCM 1974,240).

08/17 Forbes, Duncan died in London. Wrote ‘History of Chess’.

11/23 Second British championship, London, won by Blackburne.

12/24 Lasker, Emanuel born in Berlinchen, Brandenburg. World champion 1894-1921.

12/24 Teichmann born in Altenburg. German master.

First documented proposal for tie-breaks, by Zborzek of Prague.

01/ Longest Master tourney, NY. 48 players. Mackenzie won (+82 -8).

03/ Last issue of Staunton’s, “The Chess World”.

07/24 Second North German Federation, Anderssen first.

First correspondence Chess club founded in England.

Rousseau, Eugene died. French player.

01/05 Helms, Hermann born in Brooklyn. IA 1954. Dean of American Chess.

01/10 Rinck born in France. Leading endgame composer (2,000).

03/03 Maroczy, Geza born in Szeged. Hungarian champion 1932. GM 1950.

05/15 Bryan, Thomas died aboard ship in the Atlantic. Bryan variation.

07/16 First Chess clocks used - Baden-Baden.

07/18 Anderssen wins at Baden-Baden, ahead of Steintiz and Blackburne.

07/20 Heathcote, Godfrey born in Manchester. Composer.

08/22 Lewis, William died. Chess theoretician, Teacher & Author.

09/24 Berger won the first tournament in the Austro-Hungarina empire, Graz.

10/10 Third British Championship, London, Wisker 1st (tb) and Burn.

11/09 First Interstate match by telegraphy in Australia, Victoria vs. N.S. Wales.

12/16 Finn, Kate born in England. First British women’s champion 1904. Won again in 1905.

First county match in England, Yorkshire-Lancashire.

Benedict, Clare born in America. Chess patron. Granddaughter of Fenimore Cooper.

First round robin tournament introduced in the US.

02/10 Agnel, Yhacinth died in West Point, New York. Author.

02/22 Englund, Fritz born in Vastervik, Sweden. Englund gambit.

11/28 Walbrodt born, Amsterdam. German co-champion 1893 with Bardeleben.

12/04 Start of the second American Chess Congress.

12/15 Second American Chess Congress was $100 1st prize. Total prize $290.

12/15 Second American Chess Congress, Cleveland, Mackenzie 1st. ( 9 players).

Schliemann died.

Canadian Chess Association founded.

Carroll writes “Through the looking glass and what Alice found there”.

Price; Edith Price born, London. British champion 5 times. Challenger 1927, 1933.

Papers presented to Berlin Royal Academy of Science on Chess history.

“Schachzeitung Der Berliner” renamed to “Deutsch Schachzeitung”.

Steinitz defeats Zukertort in match.

01/ Ware named President of the American Chess Foundation.

01/15 Grimm, Vincent died in Budapest. Grimm attack.

01/27 Sergeant born.

03/17 Jaenisch died. Leading Russian theoretician and Chess author.

07/02 Start of the 4th British championship in London.

07/14 Second British Chess Association, London. Steinitz first.

07/14 Wisker first to win British championship twice in succession; London.

07/22 Griffith, Richard born in London. British champion 1912. Co- author of MCO.

08/03 Evans, William died in Ostend, Belgium.

08/17 Calvi, Iganzio died in Modena, Italy. Italian player and composer.

08/20 Atkins, Henry born in Leicester, England.  Won British championship 9 times, 7 times in a row. IM 1950; Elo: 2540.

10/29 Saint-Amant died at Hydra, Algeria after being thrown from carriage (age 73).

12/05 Pillsbury born, Somerville, MA. US champion 1897, 1898. German champion, 1900.

First Netherlands Chess Federation, Gifford first at The Hague.

Bird introduces Bird’s opening against Wisker.

Blackburne gets the nickname ‘Black Death’ after playing in Vienna.

Creevey, James born in Ireland.

Walker ends his Chess column in Bell’s Life after 38 years.

03/28 First Oxford-Cambridge Chess match.

05/16 First Canadian championship, Toronto. Ensor first.

05/23 Dutch Chess Federation founded.

06/24 Corzo y Principe, Juan born in Madrid. Cuban champion 1902.

08/ First tie-breaking system, Sonnenborn-Berger, used by Gelbfuhs, Vienna.

09/19 Charousek, Rudolf born in Prague. Elo: 2570.

10/17 Guretzky-Cornitz, Bernhard died in Berlin. Endgame analyst.

12/06 Blake, Percy born in Manchester, England. Problemist.

12/12 Barry, John born in Boston.

12/14 Chajes, Oscar born in Brody, Russia. Elo: 2440.

Brooklyn Chess Club championship, Delmar first.

Gossip publishes “The Chess Players’s Manual”, a 900 page opening book.

City of London Chess Magazine published by Potter.

DeLelie wins second Netherlands championship in Amsterdam.

Hicks wins second Canadian championship in Montreal.

03/02 Schlecter born, Vienna. German champion: 1900, 1904, 1910. Challenger 1910.

05/14 Sotheby holds important Chess book auction (BCM 1974,171).

06/22 Staunton died in his library chair of a heart attack, London.

07/ American Chess Association transformed into National Chess Association.

07/07 Start of the third American Chess Congress.

07/16 Third American Chess Congress had $450 in prizes; players had to pay $20 EF.

07/16 Third American Chess Congress, Chicago. Mackenzie first, (eight players).

08/20 Barnes, Thomas reduced his weight by 130 pounds in 10 months and died.

10/01 Fahrni, Hans born in Prague. Elo: 2480. First to play 100 simultaneously, 1911.

12/ Van der Linde publishes his first book on history of Chess.

Wolf; Heinrich Wolf, Austrian master, born.

Bartmanski, Henryk born in Poland. Bartmanski variation.

Gifford wins third Netherlands championship in Rotterdam.

Hoessler, Anton born. Inventor of the Ingo rating system.

Jackson wins third Canadian championship in Ottawa.

Leopold; Prince Leopold, later Duke of Albany, President of the Oxford UCC.

Newham; Samuel Newham, England’s leading provincial player, died.

02/09 Vere; Cecil de Vere died of tuberculosis (age 29). First British champion.

02/09 de Vere, Cecil (ne Brown) died in Torquay, England. Elo: 2450. Winner of first British championship, 1866.

04/26 First Italian championship, Rome. Seni first.